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VOL. 1, ISSUE 1 (2025)
Source apportionment of fluoride in semi-arid aquifers: Insights from major ion chemistry in Agra
Authors
Ravi Prakash
Abstract
Fluoride poses significant health risks in semi-arid regions,
particularly in India, where endemic fluorosis affects millions. Uttar Pradesh,
through a comprehensive analysis of major ion chemistry. Groundwater samples
were collected from 45 wells across different geological formations and
analysed for major ions, trace elements, and physicochemical parameters.
Results indicate fluoride concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 4.8 mg/L, with 67%
of samples exceeding WHO guidelines (1.5 mg/L). Hydrogeochemical analysis
reveals three distinct water types: Ca-HCO₃, Na-HCO₃, and mixed Ca-Na-HCO₃,
with the highest fluoride concentrations associated with Na-HCO₃ waters.
Statistical analysis and ionic ratios suggest fluoride enrichment occurs
through mineral dissolution (fluorite, mica, feldspar), ion exchange processes,
and evapotranspiration in the semi-arid climate. Saturation indices indicate
oversaturation concerning fluorite in high-fluoride zones, suggesting
equilibrium-controlled fluoride release. This research provides crucial
insights for groundwater management and fluoride mitigation strategies in
similar hydrogeological settings across the Indo-Gangetic Plains.
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Pages:18-22
How to cite this article:
Ravi Prakash "Source apportionment of fluoride in semi-arid aquifers: Insights from major ion chemistry in Agra". World Journal of Education, Vol 1, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 18-22
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